DIY guide · Beds

How to build a bed frame.

Platform beds, storage beds and beds that fold into the wall, built around the mattress you own. Sizes, slats, joints and plans made to measure.

Get started

Illustration
Platform bed frameA plan to start from · 1,640 mm wide

Where to start

Pick the build that fits your experience.

Two weekends

Storage and a headboard

Drawers in the side of the frame, a headboard with shelves, and bed bolts so the frame comes apart when you move.

You’ll learn

  • Bed bolts that come apart
  • Drawer boxes and runners
  • A headboard on a cleat

You’ll need

  • Track saw or circular saw with a rail
  • Drill guide
  • Pocket-hole jig

Types of beds

5 kinds, and how hard each one is.

Plans

2 plans, made to your measurements.

Each one becomes a 3D model, a cut list, drilling maps and step-by-step instructions, at the size you need.

Size it to the mattress

What size bed frame do you need?

Pick your mattress in the sizes your country uses. See the frame it needs, inside and out, how many slats, and whether it needs a centre rail.

Where your mattress is from
Mattress

Mattresses vary by a centimetre or two between makers, so measure yours. Inside sizes leave 10 mm of play all round.

Before you design

What to decide first.

Measure your mattress

Mattress sizes differ between countries and between makers. Measure the real thing and add about 20 mm to the length and width so bedding tucks in.

Slats and support

Most mattress makers ask for slats no more than about 70 mm apart. Anything wider than a single needs a centre rail with a leg to the floor.

Height

A mattress top at 450 to 600 mm suits most people for sitting down and standing up. A low platform looks calm. A higher one makes room for storage underneath.

Beds that fold or lift

Murphy beds and storage beds rely on rated hardware. Buy the mechanism first and design the cabinet around its instructions.

Joints

What holds a bed together.

A bed carries more weight than any other furniture. These four details do the work.

  • First build

    Slats

    Slats no more than 60 to 70 mm apart, resting on a batten inside the frame. A spacer block keeps every gap the same.

    Slats, a spacer block, screws

  • Getting confident

    Bed bolts

    A long bolt through the post into a nut set in the rail. Strong and tight, and it comes apart when you move.

    Bed bolts, barrel nuts, a drill guide

  • First build

    Centre rail

    Anything wider than 1.2 m inside needs a rail down the middle with legs to the floor, or the slats bow.

    Rail, adjustable legs

  • Getting confident

    Headboard on a cleat

    Hang the headboard on a bevelled cleat fixed to the wall. It stays put when you sit up and lifts off when you move.

    Saw set to 45°

Materials

What to build it from.

MaterialCostStiffnessEdgesFinishBest for
Birch plywood€€€Layered edge: show it off or band itOil, lacquer or paintPlatform boxes, headboards, drawers
Pine€€€Solid wood, no banding neededOil, wax or paintClassic frames on legs
Oak€€€Solid wood, no banding neededHardwax oilPosts, rails and headboards
Beech or birch slats€€€Ready made, roundedLeft bareSlats that flex without breaking
MDF€€€Smooth, paints well once sealedPaintUpholstered or painted headboard panels only

Tools

Start small, add machines later.

The starter kit

Enough for every first-build plan here.

  • Drill-driverEvery hole and every screw. An 18 V one with two batteries.
  • Drill bits and a countersinkPilot and clearance holes, and heads that sit flush.
  • Tape and a combination squareMarking out the slat positions and checking corners.
  • Two clampsHolding the rails while you fix them.
  • Sanding blockSoft edges where shins and bedding meet the frame.
  • Safety glasses and a maskFor drilling, sanding and finishing.

No saw? Most timber merchants cut sheets to a list. Take the cut list from your plan and pick the panels up ready to drill.

Worth buying later

Each one opens up a new kind of build.

  • Track sawLong rails and sides cut dead straight.
  • Drill guideStraight, deep holes for bed bolts.
  • Pocket-hole jigHidden joints in headboards and drawer boxes.
  • RouterRounded edges where you sit and step.
  • Random orbital sanderLarge surfaces smooth in minutes.
  • Doweling jigStrong, invisible joints for solid-wood frames.

Safety

Fix wall beds and headboards to the structure.

A bed frame on the floor needs no fixing. A wall bed does: the cabinet carries the mattress as it swings down, so it fixes to the wall as its mechanism's instructions say. A headboard on the wall needs fixings for the wall it hangs on.

  • Wall bed on brick or concreteThe mechanism maker's anchors, into the masonry
  • Wall bed on a stud wallInto the studs, through a backing board across them
  • Headboard on brickPlugs and 5 mm screws through the cleat
  • Headboard on plasterboardInto studs, or rated metal cavity anchors

Something else in mind?

Describe your bed.

Say it the way you would to a carpenter. Caminu draws it, checks the spans and writes the guide.

Sizes in mm, cm or inches all work.

Questions

Beds, answered.

Which mattress sizes can I use?

Any. Mattress sizes differ between countries and makers, so enter the real length, width and thickness of yours.

How far apart should bed slats be?

Most mattress makers ask for gaps of no more than about 70 mm. Check the guidance for your mattress, since some warranties depend on it.

Can I build a Murphy bed myself?

The cabinet and bed frame are ordinary panel work. The lift mechanism is not: buy a rated spring or gas-strut kit for your mattress weight, design the cabinet around its instructions and fix the cabinet to the wall structure.

How many slats does a bed need?

Enough that no gap is wider than about 60 to 70 mm. For a 2 m bed with 70 mm slats that is around 16. The bed size check on this page counts them for your mattress.

Does a double bed need a centre support?

Yes, anything wider than about 1.2 m inside. A rail down the middle with a leg or two to the floor stops the slats bowing.

From the blog

Read before you build.

Keep going

Other things to build.

What would you build if it only had to fit your room?

Show Caminu your room and describe the piece. You get the 3D model, the cut list and the assembly guide.

Start designingSee pricing